Historical Demonstration of Afghanistan; students in Kabul October 25, 1965

October 25, 1965, when the government of Dr. Mohammad Youssef – the first prime minister outside the royal family – wants to receive a vote of confidence from the country’s parliament, due to the inadequacy of voting and students’ denial of entry to parliament the road begins.

The story begins on Oct. 25, with the majority of students, according to the Red Data Book, to 30, who want to enter parliament but are prevented by security forces.   They are even said to have thrown stones at security forces, In order to strengthen their ranks, they again go to parliament, taking the Habibia School, reaching 50 by the time they entered the school. The Habibia school bell is sounded by Dr. Hamdard (a graduate of the medical faculty who was appointed chief of the army’s health after the Communists came to power).  After the students get together, the news is heard, at first, many students do not care when a mathematics teacher (Masjid Khan) announces that he is going to parliament with a demonstration, and a group of students at one.

Details of the demonstration and its results

Protesters follow parliament’s Habibia School, while reaching more than a thousand, blocking security forces along the way and preventing them from reaching parliament. This people is moving to Habibia school again, they stop in the area that later became the home of Soviet science and culture, where Mohammad Taher Badakhshi makes a provocative statement to the audience in this place, After that, they once again follow the way of the parliament, which is still not allowed by the security forces to enter the parliament. However, it is decided that the issue will be moved to the from Kabul University the way kart i char (in order to go to parliament with one more power with Kabul University students), Demonstrators gather in Kabul University around the tomb of Allamah Sayed Jamaluddin Afghan, where engineers Osman, Ain Ali Bonyad, Dr. Yari and one of Dr. Mahmoudi’s brothers Speech and call on demonstrators to resist government.   The demonstration stream has once again been stopped inside Kabul University in front of the Faculty of Medicine, where Sultan Ali keshtmand , Mahmoud Briyali,  lecturer Rawani and lecturer tani spoken. The demonstrators go to the town of from way Karte Sakhi, and from there take the route of the Central Force Hospital, the former Ministry of Interior, the Ansari Square, the Pashtun Watt Square with sharp anti-government slogans. Left behind (anti-government slogans were heard by the crowd from the first dispersal of the demonstrators) arrives in the Dehmazang Sqaure, continuing the speech in Dehmazang. The spectators then cross the border into Cinema Pamir, shahdo shamshera, Bridge of the Public Garden and Red Cross, It is said to have sprinkled over the tear gas dispenser in the distance between the dehmazang and Red Cross. From the narrow path that was later built to the zoo, demonstrators enter Daralaman Road and follow the Parliament Road, which is blocked by security forces at the intersection of Ghazni and Daralaman. It is at this time that demonstrators are taking the road of Kart-e-char Road using to reach Ghazni Road. On the public highway is Ghazni Street, a scattered rumor that police in Karte –e- 3 have captured of demonstrator. Which needs to be abandoned, the protesters move to the police station, ordered by the army to disperse. When army commanders ignore the orders of the spectators, the air guns are first fired and then directly targeted at the demonstrators. The personal home of Dr. Mohammed Youssef Azad was near the incident. There are also stories of throwing stones between security forces and demonstrators in Daralaman Road. During these people movement one police officer was injured. Various casualties have been reported, but the author of the Red narrative Book tells of the deaths and injuries of the accident: approximately forty or fifty people have been killed in the incident. While in reality there were no more than two martyrs and several wounded, Although the author does not mention the names of the dead and wounded, however, some of the writings include the names of two of the three killed in the incident, Hassan tailor  and Shukrullah, the first being a student at agricultur High School in Kabul. And other was Tailor apprentice.

Players and Motivations

Although the leftists regard this demonstration as one of their innovations, While others believe the incident to be spontaneous, then high-ranking of People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDP) leaders have used the situation to their advantage, using the weaknesses of the students and students.

The October 25 event was not big enough to be analyzed at an excellent level of memory, but leftist groups and in particular the people’s flags and banners exaggerated the propaganda,” said Mohammad Ibrahim Atai, author of “A Brief Look at Contemporary History of Afghanistan.” They made it. Others believe that during the reign of Muhammad, the economic, social, and overall situation of the country was not as good as the economy, political situation in which the Yahiya family ruled over the country in absolute terms. It had provided the educated, so the dissidents sought every opportunity to stage a small and covert protest against the royal government, one of which was the October 25th. When the constitution of 1964 – which guaranteed freedom of expression and freedom of political activity, Approved. At one point, the internal opposition to the royal government is thrown out and flamed.

Consequences of the event

The first consequence of the October 25, 1965 event could be the resignation of Dr. Mohammad Youssef, who resigned a few days after his election, and Mohammed Hashem Mivandwall instead relied on prime minister. Mivandwall participated in a rally in Prayer ceremony, and promised to bring the perpetrators of the attack to law. At that time, the situation was so high that high-ranking officials resigned, and this is commendable, but after the decade of democracy thousands die, no one resigns. The second consequence of the event is that the People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan made much political use of the incident. Every year this day was celebrated with rallies and circles, and they were motivated by their pretext, which lasted until the year 1973, when Mohammad Davood was the first president of Afghanistan to come to power, after the coup of 1977 intensified. The third consequence of this incident is to promote the culture of movement of people in Afghanistan. According to a number of writers, the October 25th issue was the first regular gathering in contemporary Afghan history that has come to this greatness.

Conclusion

September 4, 1964. The Constitution of the Decade of Democracy is adopted by the Loya Jirga, and is October 1 of this year by Muhammad Zahir Shah. In the new constitution, the absolutist monarchy replaces the constitutional monarchy. On October 25, 1965, a rally against the government takes place and is suppressed by the government. It shows that the government has used the raw material to uphold the political freedoms of the people and that the political currents have not understood the culture of proper use of freedoms. One fire on Chian’s rally and the latter wants to replace them in the Wolesi Jirga and go to parliament. And the last word that Zahir Shah recognized the formation of political parties but did not approve of the law of political party activity, which led to a fledgling democracy. And leftist movements destabilize the country’s political space by exploiting the new space, while under foreign protection.