مرکز مطالعات استراتژيک ومنطقوی د ستراتېژيکو او سيمهييزو څېړنو مرکز
By: Center for Strategic & Regional Studies Note: Click here for the PDF file of this analysis. ___________________________________________________________________ In this issue: Expanding Russia’s Engagement
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Following the introduction of tax exemptions and facilitations, the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan has raised the threshold of taxable revenues for businesses from 150,000 Afghanis to 2 million Afghanis and reduced the tax rate from 0.5% to 0.3% on amounts exceeding that threshold. This adjustment is set to take effect from the first day of Hamal 1403. These exemptions can have both positive and negative effects on the economy of Afghanistan. For example, they can improve the livelihoods of entrepreneurs and businessmen as the extra burden of consumption is lifted from their shoulders. Additionally, reduced consumption due to tax exemptions can lead to the development and improvement of businesses quantitatively and qualitatively, ultimately contributing to economic growth. Entrepreneurs can reinvest the exempted amounts into their businesses, leading to increased supply and employment in the economy, or they can spend it elsewhere, thus increasing demand. This simultaneous movement of supply and demand fosters economic growth.
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There are three ways for the United States to engage with the Islamic Emirate:
Complete Isolation: Isolate the Islamic Emirate entirely and impose additional severe restrictions until they meet the U.S. demands.
Official Recognition: Recognize the Islamic Emirate officially and establish formal diplomatic relations with it.
Engagement without Recognition: Neither isolate it completely nor officially recognize it, but rather engage with it without formal recognition until the Islamic Emirate makes changes in its domestic policies.
So far, the United States has chosen the third path.
The specific objectives of U.S. foreign policy towards the Islamic Emirate include combating terrorism, fighting for the education and employment rights of girls, preventing drug trafficking, providing aid to prevent a humanitarian crisis, and evacuating U.S. allies from Afghanistan, and applying restrictions and pressure to make the Islamic Emirate meet its demands.
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By: Center for Strategic & Regional Studies Note: Click here for the PDF file of this analysis. ___________________________________________________________________ In this issue: The Sudden Death
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India and Maldives have had close historical relations since 1965. During the year and especially after the 1980s, Maldives was mostly dependent on India in terms of economic and security.
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The Durand Agreement has created a conflict between Pakistan and Afghanistan, and researchers and politicians from both sides argue in favor of their country, Pakistan gives reasons to approve the Durand Agreement and accept this border as an official border. Afghan researchers give reasons for not accepting it.
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Tajikistan and Afghanistan as two neighboring countries, have many things in common which include historical background, religious, ethnic, linguistic, and cultural. Each of the two countries never feel comfortable without having good political relations.
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Based on the above, we conclude that if the future government of Pakistan is formed by the election team of the Muslim League Nawaz in coalition with the Pakistan People’s Party, due to the dissatisfaction of the absolute majority of Pakistan citizens (who identified themselves as supporters of Imran Khan in the elections), The intensification of the attacks from TTP and finally the freedom-loving and independence-seeking approach of the Afghans will cause the Pakistani authorities to accuse the Afghan government which will negatively impact the relationship between the Islamic Emirate and Pakistan affecting Afghanistan’s economy due to the creation of friction in the trade route to South Asia and even China from Pakistan, as well as creating political pressure that can have an unpleasant future for the Islamic Emirate
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By: Center for Strategic & Regional Studies Note: Click here for the PDF file of this analysis. ___________________________________________________________________ In this issue: Introduction Although
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2023 The year was the most important year of political, security, and economic problems and changes at the international level. In this year, the war between Ukraine and Russia intensified, the oppression of the oppressed people of Palestine reached its last limit, and Azerbaijan received Nagorno-Karabakh. The foreign policy of the United States of America regarding the Middle East has changed, and the inferiority, slavery, and helplessness of the Arab countries have been revealed. The position of the United States of America has been badly damaged at the international level due to the violation of human rights and its support for Israel. Economic developments took place in Afghanistan under the leadership of the Islamic Emirate, but the issue of girls’ education remained ambiguous. The region of the Islamic Emirate strengthened its relations, but its relations with Pakistan deteriorated a little on some issues, especially on forced migrants. The equations of the Middle East have changed a bit and all these events have made it easy to take steps towards the change of the international order and it is not far that the domination of the United States of America will end.
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